ګناهګار

Here is the detailed explanation of the Pashto word ګناهګار:

Word Information

• Word: ګناهګار
• Part of Speech: Adjective / Noun
• Root: ګناه (sin, fault, crime) + ګار (a suffix indicating "doer" or "one who has")
• Literal Meaning: Sinner, guilty one, culprit, offender

Definitions & Usage

1. As an Adjective (Guilty / Sinful):

   • Describes a person or entity that has committed a sin, crime, or moral fault.
   • Example: هغه سړی ګناهګار وګڼل شو.
   • Translation: That man was considered guilty.

2. As a Noun (Sinner / Culprit):

   • Refers to the person who is responsible for an offense or sin.
   • Example: ګناهګار ته سزا ورکړل شوه.
   • Translation: The culprit was punished.

Synonyms (Pashto)

• ګناه کار (Gunah Kaar): Sinner, offender (more common in modern usage).
• مجرم (Mujrim): Criminal, guilty person (Arabic loanword, often used in legal contexts).
• خطا کار (Khata Kaar): Offender, person at fault (implies mistake rather than sin).
• عاصي (Aasi): Sinner, disobedient (specifically regarding religious commandments).

Antonyms (Pashto)

• بې ګناه (Be Gunah): Innocent, sinless.
• پاک (Paak): Pure, sinless.
• صالح (Saleh): Righteous, virtuous.
• بې خطا (Be Khata): Faultless, blameless.

Grammatical Notes

• Gender: The word itself is gender-neutral. To specify gender, you can add "سړی" (man) or "ښځه" (woman).
  • ګناهګار سړی = Guilty man
  • ګناهګاره ښځه = Guilty woman (note the feminine marker "ه" added to the adjective in Pashto).
• Plural: ګناهګاران (gunahgarān) - Sinners / Guilty people.

Cultural/Religious Context

In Pashtun culture and Islamic tradition (the predominant religion of Pashtuns), the concept of ګناهګار is deeply tied to religious sin (against God's commands) as well as social offenses against the Pashtunwali code of honor. A person may be considered a ګناهګار both spiritually and socially depending on the nature of the act.